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<title>C Functions - Quick Ref</title>

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<p>
This is a summary of
<a href="../glossary.html#ansi">ANSI</a> and         
<a href="../glossary.html#posix">POSIX</a> functions grouped by library. If you want an alphabetical
list, please use the <a href="../master_index.html">master index</a>.
Please refer
to a manual for a complete list of functions available to you.
<p>
 
  <ul>
  <li><a href="#headers">ANSI standard library.</a>
  <li><a href="#posix">POSIX library.</a>
  <li><a href="#NONANSI">Non Standard functions from CONIO.H</a>
  <li><a href="#NONANSIUNIX">Non ANSI Standard Unix functions</a>
  <li><a href="#USER">User written functions.</a>
  <li><a href="arglists.html">Variable length argument lists.</a>
  </ul>
  <p>

  <hr>
  <a name="ANSI">
  <a name="headers">
  <h2>ANSI standard library.</h2>

  The ANSI library is declared in the following header files.
  <p>
  <table border=2 width=100% bgcolor=ivory>
  <tr align=center><td>
  <a href="#assert">assert.h</a>
  </td><td>

  <a href="#ctype">ctype.h</a>
  </td><td>

  <a href="#errno">errno.h</a>
  </td><td>

  <a href="#float">float.h</a> 
  </td><td>

  <a href="#limits">limits.h</a>
  </td>
  </tr><tr align=center>
  <td>
  <a href="#locale">locale.h</a>
  </td><td>

  <a href="#math">math.h</a>
  </td><td>

  <a href="#setjmp">setjmp.h</a>
  </td><td>

  <a href="#signal">signal.h</a>
  </td><td>

  <a href="#stdarg">stdarg.h</a>
  </td>
  </tr><tr align=center>
  <td>
  <a href="#stddef">stddef.h</a>
  </td><td>

  <a href="#stdio">stdio.h</a>
  </td><td>

  <a href="#stdlib">stdlib.h</a>
  </td><td>

  <a href="#string">string.h</a>
  </td><td>

  <a href="#time">time.h</a>
  </td>
  </tr>
  </table>

  <p>
  <a name=posix>
  <hr>
  <h2>POSIX library</h2>
  The <a href="../glossary.html#posix">POSIX</a> library contains 
  the following headers.
  <p>

  <table border=2 width=100% bgcolor=ivory>
  <tr align=center><td>
  <a href="#cpio">cpio.h</a>
  </td><td>

  <a href="#dirent">dirent.h</a>
  </td><td>

  <a href="#fcntl">fcntl.h</a>
  </td><td>

  <a href="#grp">grp.h</a>
  </td><td>

  <a href="#pwd">pwd.h</a>
  </td>
  </tr><tr align=center>
  <td>
  <a href="#stat">sys/stat.h</a>
  </td><td>

  <a href="#times">sys/times.h</a>
  </td><td>

  <a href="#types">sys/types.h</a>
  </td><td>

  <a href="#utsname">sys/utsname.h</a>
  </td><td>

  <a href="#wait">sys/wait.h</a>
  </td>
  </tr><tr align=center>
  <td>
  <a href="#tar">tar.h</a>
  </td><td>

  <a href="#termios">termios.h</a>
  </td><td>

  <a href="#unistd">unistd.h</a>
  </td><td>

  <a href="#utime">utime.h</a>
  </td><td>
  </tr>
  </table>
  <p>

<dl compact>

<hr>

<h2>ANSII Library headers</h2>
<! ----------------------------------------------------------- >
<! --- Should be complete and all entries are in master index  >
<! ASSERT.H                                                    >
<a name=assert>
<dt><hr>
<dt><h2>assert.h</h2>

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<! ----------------------------------------------------------- >
<! --- Should be complete and all entries are in master index  >
<! CTYPE.H                                                     >
<a name=ctype>
<dt><hr>
<dt><h2>ctype.h</h2>

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<! ----------------------------------------------------------- >
<! ERRNO.H                                                     >
<a name=errno>
<dt><hr>
<h2>errno.h</h2>

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<! ----------------------------------------------------------- >
<! FLOAT.H                                                     >
<a name=float>
<dt><hr>
<dt><h2>float.h</h2>

No functions are <a href="../SYNTAX/functions.html#2.2">declared</a> in stddef.h. 
<! ----------------------------------------------------------- >
<! LIMITS.H                                                     >
<a name=limits>
<dt><hr>
<dt><h2>limits.h</h2>

No functions are <a href="../SYNTAX/functions.html#2.2">declared</a> in stddef.h. 
<! ----------------------------------------------------------- >
<! LOCALE.H                                                     >
<a name=locale>
<dt><hr>
<dt><h2>locale.h</h2>

<script>
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<! ----------------------------------------------------------- >
<! MATH.H                                                     >
<! --- Should be complete. master index done  >
<dt><hr>
<a name=math>
<dt><h2>math.h</h2>

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<h3>Note</h3> For some reason <b>abs</b> is in <a href="#stdlib">stdlib.h</a>

<! ----------------------------------------------------------- >
<! SETJMP.H                                                     >
<a name=setjmp>
<dt><hr>

<dt><h2>setjmp.h</h2>

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<! ----------------------------------------------------------- >
<! SIGNAL.H                                                     >
<a name=signal>
<dt><hr>
<dt><h2>signal.h</h2>

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<! ----------------------------------------------------------- >
<! STDARG.H                                                     >
<a name=stdarg>
<dt><hr>
<dt><h2>stdarg.h</h2>

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<p>
See also <a href=#stdio>vprintf vfprintf and vsprintf</a> which all print the contents of a va_list
<! ----------------------------------------------------------- >
<! STDDEF.H                                                     >
<a name=stddef>
<dt><hr>
<dt><h2>stddef.h</h2>
No functions are <a href="../SYNTAX/functions.html#2.2">declared</a> in stddef.h. 

<! ----------------------------------------------------------- >
<! --- Not complete. master index to be done  >
<! STDIO.H                                                     >
<a name=stdio>
<dt><hr>
<h2>stdio.h</h2>

This header defines all the ANSI I/O functions that allow you to read
and write to files and devices.
<a href="../MISC/io.html#low">Low level</a> (non ANSI) functions are also available.
<p>

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<! ----------------------------------------------------------- >
<! --- Complete. master index to be done  >
<! STDLIB.H -->
<a name=stdlib>
<dt><hr>
<dt><h2>stdlib.h</h2>

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<! ----------------------------------------------------------- >
<! --- Complete. master index to be done  >
<! STRING.H >
<a name=string>
<dt><hr>
<dt><h2>string.h</h2>

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<! ----------------------------------------------------------- >
<! TIME.H                                                     >
<! --- Should be complete. master index done  >
<a name=time>
<dt><hr>
<dt><h2>time.h</h2>

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<dt><hr>
<h2>POSIX functions start here....</h2>
<! -------------------------------------------------->
<a name=cpio>
<dt><hr>

<h2>cpio.h</h2>

<! -------------------------------------------------->
<a name=dirent>
<dt><hr>

<h2>dirent.h</h2>

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<! -------------------------------------------------->
<a name=fcntl>
<dt><hr>

<h2>fcntl.h</h2>

<! -------------------------------------------------->
<a name=grp>
<dt><hr>

<h2>grp.h</h2>

<! -------------------------------------------------->
<a name=pwd>
<dt><hr>

<h2>pwd.h</h2>

<! -------------------------------------------------->
<a name=stat>
<dt><hr>

<h2>sys/stat.h</h2>

<! -------------------------------------------------->
<a name=times>
<dt><hr>

<h2>sys/times.h</h2>

<! -------------------------------------------------->
<a name=types>
<dt><hr>

<h2>sys/types.h</h2>

<! -------------------------------------------------->
<a name=utsname>
<dt><hr>

<h2>sys/utsname.h</h2>

<! -------------------------------------------------->
<a name=wait>
<dt><hr>

<h2>sys/wait.h</h2>

<! -------------------------------------------------->
<a name=tar>
<dt><hr>

<h2>tar.h</h2>

<! -------------------------------------------------->
<a name=termios>
<dt><hr>

<h2>termios.h</h2>

<! -------------------------------------------------->
<a name=unistd>
<dt><hr>

<h2>unistd.h</h2>

It seems that this library contains headers for many functions that originally came with the ANSII
standard library but did not have headers.               
<b>My documentation for this POSIX library is incomplete.</b>

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Line("man",       "../MAN/pathconf.htm",                "fpathconf",   "Change the current working directory.I am not 100% sure this is supposed to be in unistd.");
Line("whiteball", "setuid.html",                        "getegid",     "Get the group ID of the process.");
Line("whiteball", "setuid.html",                        "geteuid",     "Get the User ID of the process.");
Line("man",       "../MAN/gethostname.htm",             "gethostname", "Name of the host (see <a href=\"#uname\">uname</a>). Not 100% sure this is in unistd");
Line("whiteball", "../MAN/getopt.html",                 "getopt,",     "parse the command line Not 100% sure this is in unistd.");
Line("man",       "../MAN/getgid.htm",                  "getgid",      "Get a group ID.");
Line("man",       "../MAN/getgroups.htm",               "getgroups",   "");
Line("man",       "../MAN/getlogin.htm",                "getlogin",    "");
Line("man",       "../MAN/getpgrp.htm",                 "getpgrp",     "");
Line("man",       "../MAN/getpid.htm",                  "getpid",      "get process ID.");
Line("man",       "../MAN/getpid.htm",                  "getppid,",    "get parent process ID.");
Line("whiteball", "setuid.html", "getuid",              "Get the User ID of the process.");
Line("man",       "../MAN/isatty.htm",                  "isatty",      "");
Line("man",       "../MAN/link.htm",                    "link",        "");
Line("man",       "../MAN/lseek.htm",                   "lseek",       "");
Line("man",       "../MAN/mkdir.htm",                   "mkdir",       "Make a directory");
Line("whiteball", "open.html",                          "open",        "Open a file");
Line("man",       "../MAN/fpathconf.htm",               "pathconf",    "");
Line("man",       "../MAN/pause.htm",                   "pause",       "Put the program to sleep.");
Line("whiteball", "pipe.html",                          "pipe",        "");
Line("whiteball", "read.html",                          "read",        "Read a file descriptor.");
Line("man",       "../MAN/rename.htm",                  "rename",      "Rename a file. This function can also be found in the ANSI stdio library. MAN PAGE.");
Line("man",       "../MAN/rmdir.htm",                   "rmdir",       "Remove a directory");

Line("whiteball", "setuid.html",                        "setgid",      "Set the Group ID of the process.");
Line("man",       "../MAN/setpgid.htm",                 "setpgid",     "");
Line("man",       "../MAN/setsid.htm",                  "setsid",      "");
W("<a name=setuid>");
Line("whiteball", "setuid.html",                        "setuid",      "Set the User ID of the process.");
W("<a name=sleep>");
Line("whiteball", "../MAN/sleep.htm",                   "sleep",       "Pause for a required number of seconds.");
Line("man",       "../MAN/sysconf.htm",                 "sysconf",     "");
Line("man",       "../MAN/tcgetpgrp.htm",               "tcgetpgrp",   "");
Line("man",       "../MAN/tcgetpgrp.htm",               "tcsetpgrp",   "");
Line("man",       "../MAN/ttyname.htm",                 "ttyname",     "");
Line("man",       "../MAN/unlink.htm",                  "unlink",      "Remove a file");
Line("whiteball", "write.html",                         "write",       "Write to a file descriptor.");
</script>

<! -------------------------------------------------->
<a name=utime>
<dt><hr>

<h2>utime.h</h2>

<dt><hr>
<! -------------------------------------------------->
<a name="NONANSI">
<dt><hr>

<h2>conio.h</h2>
Dos Specific functions in conio.h Not very portable as conio.h 
is NOT in the ANSI standard library and does not
appear on the Sun or Linux machines.
<p>

<script>
Line("whiteball", "clrscr.html",                "clrscr", "Clear screen"); 
Line("whiteball", "",                           "getch",  "Get a character from the keyboard.");
Line("whiteball", "",                           "getche", "Get a character from the keyboard.");
</script>

</dl>
<hr><hr>

<a name="NONANSIUNIX">
<h2>Non ANSI Standard Unix Functions.</h2>
These functions are not in the ANSI standard libraries but are handy 
all the same.
<p>

<dl compact>
<script>
Line("whiteball", "#dirent",     "dirent.h",             "Functions performing actions on directories");
Line("computer",  "../EXAMPLES/statfs.c",     "statfs",  "Filesystem statistics.");
Line("whiteball", "#unistd",     "unistd.h",             "");
Line("whiteball", "#hotchpotch", "Ungrouped functions.", "");
</script>
</dl>

<! -------------------------------------------------->


</dl>

<! -------------------------------------------------->
<a name="hotchpotch">
<hr>
<h2>Ungrouped functions</h2>
<dl compact>

<script>
Line("whiteball", "passwd.html",              "endpwent",        "");
Line("whiteball", "passwd.html",              "fgetpwent",       "");
Line("whiteball", "passwd.html",              "getpw",           "Get a password entry.");
Line("whiteball", "passwd.html",              "getpwent",        "Get a password entry.");
Line("whiteball", "passwd.html",              "getpwnam",        "Get a record by keying on the user name.");
Line("whiteball", "passwd.html",              "getpwuid",        "Get a record by keying on the UID (numeric).");
Line("whiteball", "setuid.html",              "getuidx",         "Get the User ID of a process (RS/6000 only).");
Line("whiteball", "strchr.html",              "index",           "Search for a character in a string (Use <a href=#strchr>strchr</a> to conform to the ANSI standard).");

Line("whiteball", "passwd.html",              "putpwent",        "");
Line("whiteball", "pclose.html",              "pclose",          "Close a pipe."); 
Line("whiteball", "popen.html",               "popen",           "Open a Unix pipe."); 
Line("whiteball", "env.html",                 "putenv",          "Change or create an environmental variable.");

Line("whiteball", "env.html",                 "setenv",          "Change or create an environmental variable.");
Line("whiteball", "passwd.html",              "setpwent",        "");
Line("whiteball", "setuid.html",              "setreuid",        "Set the ID of the process calling process.");
Line("whiteball", "stat.html",                "stat",            "Get status information on files (modification time, file size etc).");
W("<a name=uname>");
Line("whiteball", "uname.html",               "uname",           "Get information about the machine we are running on.");
Line("whiteball", "env.html",                 "unsetenv",        "Remove an environmental variable."); 
Line("whiteball", "setuid.html",              "setuidx",         "Set the User ID of the process (RS/6000 only).");
Line("whiteball", "setuid.html",              "setegid setrgid", "Set the Group ID of the process.");
W("<a name=setuid>");
Line("whiteball", "setuid.html",              "seteuid setruid", "Set the User ID of the process.");
Line("whiteball", "setuid.html",              "getruid",         "Get the User ID of the process.");
Line("whiteball", "../SYNTAX/sizeof.html",    "sizeof",          "Return the storage allocation for a <a href=../CONCEPT/data_types.html>data type.</a>This is actually an operator! I have put it in here as it looks like a function and so you will probably look for it here....");  

Line("computer",  "../EXAMPLES/sizeof.c",     "example",         "showing the size of data types"); 
Line("computer",  "../EXAMPLES/sizeof1.c",    "example",         "showing the size of data objects."); 

<dt>
<hr>
<a name="USER">
<hr>
<h2>User written functions <br>(and a few lifted from books)</h2>
<hr>

Line("computer",  "../EXAMPLES/clrscr.c",     "clrscr.",   "Clear the screen using VT escape sequence.");
Line("computer",  "../EXAMPLES/convesc.c",    "convesc.",  "Insert escape codes into a text string.");
Line("computer",  "../EXAMPLES/basename.c",   "basename.", "Strip directory information from a Unix file name.");
Line("computer",  "../EXAMPLES/printenv.c",   "printenv.", "List the environmental variables.");
Line("computer",  "../EXAMPLES/lenstr.c",     "lenstr",    "User written version of <a href=strlen.html>strlen</a>", "");
Line("computer",  "../EXAMPLES/reverse.c",    "reverse",   "Reverse characters in a string.");

<!-- Start of footer. -->
</dl>

<p>
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<address><a href="../../address.html">Martin Leslie</a> 
</address><p>
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